General information
5884 species
AmphibiaWeb (September 4, 2005)

AmphibiaTree

Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, Second Edition (Hardcover)
by George R. Zug, Laurie J. Vitt, Janalee P. Caldwell

Review
Frost DR, Grant T, Faivovich J, et al.
The amphibian tree of life.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (297): 8+ 2006

Phylogenetic and divergence time estimation of amphibians
San Mauro, D. 2010.
A multilocus timescale for the origin of extant amphibians. Mol Phylogenet Evol 56:554-561.

Marjenovic, D., and M. Laurin. 2007.
Fossils, Molecules, Divergence Times, and the Origin of Lissamphibians.
Syst Biol 56: 369-388.

Roelants, K., D. J. Gower, M. Wilkinson, S. P. Loader, S. D. Biju, K. Guillaume, L. Moriau, and F. Bossuyt. 2007.
Global patterns of diversification in the history of modern amphibians.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 887-892.

Lee MSY, Anderson JS [Review]
Molecular clocks and the origin(s) of modern amphibians
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION 40 (2): 635-639 AUG 2006

San Mauro, D., Vences, M. Alcabendas, R. Zardoya, and A. Meyer. 2005.
Initial diversification of living amphibians predated the breakup of Pangea.
American Naturalist 165: 590-599.

Zhang P, Zhou H, Chen YQ, et al. 2005.
Mitogenomic perspectives on the origin and phylogeny of living amphibians.
SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY 54: 391-400.

Feller, A. E., and S. B. Hedges. 1998.
Molecular evidence for the early history of living amphibians.
Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 9: 509−516.

Gymnophiona

Phylogenetic relationships of caecilians
San Mauro D, Gower DJ, Oommen OV, et al.
Phylogeny of caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear RAG1
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION 33 (2): 413-427 NOV 2004

Phylogenetic relationships of ichthyophiid caecilians
Gower DJ, Kupfer A, Oommen OV, et al. [out of India]
A molecular phylogeny of ichthyophiid caecilians (Amphibia : Gymnophiona : Ichthyophiidae): Out of India or out of South East Asia?
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 269 (1500): 1563-1569 AUG 7 2002

Caudata

Phylogenetic relationships of salamanders
Weisrock DW, Harmon LJ, Larson A.
Resolving deep phylogenetic relationships in salamanders: Analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear genomic data.
SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY 54 (5): 758-777. 2005

Samuels AK, Weisrock DW, Smith JJ, France KJ, Walker JA, Putta S, Voss SR. 2005.
Transcriptional and phylogenetic analysis of five complete ambystomatid salamander mitochondrial genomes.
Gene. 349: 43-53.

Mueller RL, Macey JR, Jaekel M, et al.
Morphological homoplasy, life history evolution, and historical biogeography of plethodontid salamanders inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 101 (38): 13820-13825 SEP 21 2004

Phylogenetic and divergence time estimation of salamanders
Zhang P, Chen YQ, Zhou H, et al.
Phylogeny, evolution, and biogeography of Asiatic Salamanders (Hynobiidae)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 103 (19): 7360-7365 MAY 9 2006

Anura

Phylogenetic relationships of frogs
Kurabayashi, A., C. Usuki, N. Mikami, T. Fujii, H. Yonekawa, M. Sumida and M. Hasegawa (2006)
Complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of a Malagasy poison frog Mantella madagascariensis: Evolutionary implications on mitochondrial genomes of higher anuran groups.
Mol. Phylognet. Evol., 39: 223-236.

Gissi C, San Mauro D, Pesole G, et al.
Mitochondrial phylogeny of Anura (Amphibia): A case study of congruent phylogenetic reconstruction using amino acid and nucleotide characters
GENE 366 (2): 228-237 FEB 1 2006

San Mauro D, Garcia-Paris M, Zardoya R. 2004.
Phylogenetic relationships of discoglossid frogs (Amphibia:Anura:Discoglossidae) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear genes.
Gene. 343: 357-66.

Phylogenetic and divergence time estimation of frogs
Igawa, T., A. Kurabayashi, C. Usuki, T. Fujii, and M. Sumida. 2008.
Complete mitochondrial genomes of three neobatrachian anurans: A case study of divergence time estimation using different data and calibration settings.
Gene 407:116-129.

Bossuyt F, Brown RM, Hillis DM, et al.
Phylogeny and biogeography of a cosmopolitan frog radiation: Late cretaceous diversification resulted in continent-scale endemism in the family Ranidae
SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY 55 (4): 579-594 AUG 2006

Roelants K, Bossuyt F
Archaeobatrachian paraphyly and pangaean diversification of crown-group frogs
SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY 54 (1): 111-126 FEB 2005.

van der Meijden A, Vences M, Hoegg S, et al.
A previously unrecognized radiation of ranid frogs in Southern Africa revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION 37 (3): 674-685 DEC 2005